In a hypothetical population, the annual probability of survival each year is 0.8 (death by environmental factors such as accident, predators, etc.). Individuals with wild-type genotype mature at age 4 (starting to reproduce at age 4) and die at age 20 (if not killed). Each has two offspring a year. What is the population average lifetime reproductive success? (2 pts) Now we consider two hypothetical mutations, A and B, which speed up and slow down aging respectively. “Mutation A” causes each individual to produce 3 offspring a year starting at age 4, but die at age 16 (speeding up aging). “Mutation B” causes each individual to produce 1 offspring a year starting at age 4, but die at age 30 (slowing down aging). Which mutation is favored by natural selection and which is opposing? Support your answer by calculating the lifetime reproductive success.
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